23 abr 2012
22 abr 2012
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
We breathe air through our nose and our mouth.
The air goes to our lungs.
Our blood takes the oxygen from the air.
When we breathe in, our lungs expand.
When we breathe out, the lungs contract.
We breathe out the air we do not need.
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
The heart pumps blood.
A heartbeat is a pulsation of the heart.
Blood moves oxygen and food around the body.
21 abr 2012
SKELETON
All the bones in our body together make our skeleton.
Our bones are hard and they help us move:
SKELETON JOINS
Joints are two bones joined together.
They help us bend and move different parts of our body:
neck, hip, knee, ankle, shoulder, elbow, wrist.
OUR MOUTH
We use our teeth to eat. Each tooth has a special shape and
function to help us break our food in small pieces.
function to help us break our food in small pieces.
- Canine teeth tear food.
- Molars and premolars chew food.
- Incisors cut and bite food.
THE THREE FORMS OF WATER
Water has no colour, it does not smell and it does not taste of anything.
Liquid water can change form. We can cool water and make ice; ice is solid water.
When we heat water and it produces water vapour; vapour is water in the form of gas.
Liquid water can change form. We can cool water and make ice; ice is solid water.
When we heat water and it produces water vapour; vapour is water in the form of gas.
RIVERS
THE COURSE OF A RIVER
- A river begins in the mountains. This is the upper course of teh river.
- The river continues down the mountains and hills. This is the middle course of the river.
- The river goes to the sea. This is the lower course of the river.
THE WATER CYCLE
1.- The Sun heats the water in the sea. The water evaporates and forms clouds.
2.- The wind moves the clouds. The clouds cool and then it rains or snows.
3.- The water falls into lakes and rivers.
4.- The water from the lakes and rivers goes to the sea. The cycle starts again.
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2.- The wind moves the clouds. The clouds cool and then it rains or snows.
3.- The water falls into lakes and rivers.
4.- The water from the lakes and rivers goes to the sea. The cycle starts again.
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WILD AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS
- Pets and farm animals are domestic animals; people look after them.
- Wild animals do not live with people. They live in their natural habitat.
WHAT DO ANIMALS EAT?
Carnivores eat meat. Lions are carnivores.
Herbivores eat plants. Elephants are herbivores.
Omnivores eat meat and plants. Pigs are omnivores.
HOW DO ANIMALS REPRODUCE?
Oviparous animals are born from eggs.
Viviparous animals are born from their mothers' womb.
VERTEBRATES
BIRDS
Birds are vertebrates. They are oviparous animals. They have a beak, feathers, two feet and two wings. Birds can be carnivores, herbivores or omnivores. There are wild birds and domestic birds.
AMPHIBIANS
Type of animal: vertebrate.
Reproduction: they lay eggs.
Skin: bare, damp skin.
Habitat: in water and on land.
Respiration: babies (tadpoles): with their gills; adults: with their lungs.
Examples: frogs, toads and salamanders.
Reproduction: they lay eggs.
Skin: bare, damp skin.
Habitat: in water and on land.
Respiration: babies (tadpoles): with their gills; adults: with their lungs.
Examples: frogs, toads and salamanders.
INVERTEBRATES
Invertebrate animals do not have a skeleton. Some protect their bodies with a shell. There are a lot of different types of invertebrates. They live in water and on land.
Jellyfish are transparent and live in the sea.
Worms are long and soft.
Spiders have eight legs.
Snails have a shell to protect them.
Bees have six legs and wings.
Jellyfish are transparent and live in the sea.
Worms are long and soft.
Spiders have eight legs.
Snails have a shell to protect them.
Bees have six legs and wings.
PARTS OF A PLANT
Plants need soil, water, air and sun to grow. The different parts of the plant have different functions:
- Some plants have fruit.
- Leaves absorb oxygen and sunlight.
- Roots absorb water and minerals.
- The stem supports the plant.
ENERGY
Machines need energy to move. There are a lot of different types of energy: energy from people, the sun, wind and electricity are some examples.
ENERGY FROM HUMANS
SUN ENERGY
WATER ENERGY
WIND ENERGY
MAGNETS
A magnet is made of magnetic material, for example, iron.
A magnet uses force to move some metal objects without touching them.
Magnets have two parts called poles; a north pole and a south pole.
A north and a south pole attract.
Two north poles or two south poles repel.
Animal Farming
There are different types of animal farming.
Sheeps give us meat and wool.
Cows give us meat, leather and milk.
Hens give us eggs, meat and feathers.
Pigs give us skin and meat.
JOBS
Firefighter: She/He puts out fires.
Cook (chef): She/He cooks food.
Dentist: She/He looks after our teeth.
Plumber: She/He repairs pipes.
Farmer: She/He looks after animals and plants.
Hairdresser: She/He cuts or combs our hair.
Mechanic: She/He repairs cars.
Doctor: She/He looks after our health.
Nurse: She/He takes care of us (patients).
Waitress/Waiter: She/He serves us drinks and food.
Policewoman/Policeman: She/He protects us.
Shop assistant: She/He sells us things.
Street cleaner: She/He cleans the streets.
Teacher: She/He teaches children new things.
Vet: She/He is a doctor for animals.
Housewife: She/He looks after the house.
House cleaner: She/He cleans other people’s houses.
Postwoman/Postman: She/He delivers letters.
Taxi driver: She/He drives us places.
Bus driver: She/He drives us places.
Truck driver: She/He drives things to places.
Pilot: She/He flies planes.
Football player: She/He plays football.
Singer: She/He sings.
Cumputer programmer: She/He works with computers.
Builder: She/He builds houses.
Carpenter: She/He makes wood furniture.
Astronaut: She/He flies to space.
Miner: She/He searches minerals.
Fisherman: She/He catches fish.
Clown: She/He makes children laugh.
TREES, BUSHES AND GRASS
- Trees have a thick, hard stem called a trunk. The trunk has branches.
TREE
- Bushes have a lot of stems. The stems are thin and grow from the ground.
BUSHES
- Grass is thin and bendy.
GRASS
DECIDIOUS TREES AND EVERGREEN TREES
DECIDIOUS TREES
Decidious trees lose their leaves in Autumn: the leaves change colour and fall to the ground. The leaves grow again in spring.
EVERGREEN TREES
Evergreen trees do not lose their leaves in Autumn. They are green all year.
Decidious trees lose their leaves in Autumn: the leaves change colour and fall to the ground. The leaves grow again in spring.
EVERGREEN TREES
Evergreen trees do not lose their leaves in Autumn. They are green all year.
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